Programming Language Atlas

A structured reference to language families, paradigms, and implementations

Go

Imperative, CSP concurrency. First appeared 2009; c family; network services, infrastructure.

Record

First appeared2009
FamilyC family
Paradigm emphasisImperative, CSP concurrency
TypingStatic, strong
MemoryConcurrent tracing GC
ExecutionAOT compiled
Primary domainNetwork services, infrastructure
DesignersGriesemer, Pike, Thompson
Referencehttps://go.dev/ref/spec
Last verifiednot yet checked against its source by a human

Dates are first public release or publication, not the start of internal development. Colour on the typing and memory tags encodes kind, never rank.

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Influence

Pascal1970C1972No indexed descendantGo2009
Figure 1. Go in the influence graph: recorded ancestors on the left, languages that record it as an influence on the right. Every node links to its own record. Edges name indexed languages only, so an empty side means no indexed relative, not none at all. Source: languages.json.

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Within the C family

Curly-brace syntax and an imperative core, descending from ALGOL through C. The tradition most later languages either extend or explicitly react against.

Language First appeared Typing Memory Execution
COBOL 1959 Static, weak Static allocation AOT compiled
ALGOL 60 1960 Static Stack-based AOT compiled
Simula 67 1967 Static Tracing GC AOT compiled
Pascal 1970 Static, strong Manual AOT compiled
C 1972 Static, weak Manual AOT compiled
Objective-C 1984 Static core with dynamic dispatch Manual then ARC AOT compiled
C++ 1985 Static, partly weak Manual with RAII AOT compiled
Dart 2011 Static, strong, sound null safety Generational tracing GC JIT for development, AOT compiled for release

8 other languages in this family, ordered by first appearance. Go itself is omitted. Source: languages.json.

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